Introduction
Percentage is one of the most important topics in aptitude and everyday mathematics. It helps compare quantities and solve problems involving discounts, marks, profit, and statistics.
Question 1
What is 20% of 150?
A) 20
B) 25
C) 30
D) 35
Answer
C) 30
Explanation
20% of 150
= (20/100) × 150
= 30
Question 2
A student scored 45 marks out of 60.
What is the percentage score?
A) 70%
B) 75%
C) 80%
D) 85%
Answer
B) 75%
Explanation
Percentage
= (45 ÷ 60) × 100
= 75%
Question 3
A shirt priced at ₹1000 is sold at a 10% discount.
What is the discount amount?
A) ₹50
B) ₹75
C) ₹100
D) ₹150
Answer
C) ₹100
Explanation
Discount
= 10% of ₹1000
= (10/100) × 1000
= ₹100
Question 4
A number is increased from 200 to 250.
What is the percentage increase?
A) 20%
B) 25%
C) 30%
D) 35%
Answer
B) 25%
Explanation
Increase = 250 − 200 = 50
Percentage Increase
= (50 ÷ 200) × 100
= 25%
Question 5
What is 15% of 400?
A) 40
B) 50
C) 60
D) 70
Answer
C) 60
Explanation
15% of 400
= (15/100) × 400
= 60
Key Learning
Important Formula:
Percentage = (Part ÷ Whole) × 100
This formula solves many percentage problems.
Practice Tip
Convert percentages into fractions whenever possible:
50% = 1/2
25% = 1/4
10% = 1/10
This speeds up calculations.
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